A Notary or a Notary Public is a public officer whose function is to administer oaths, to attest and certify, by his hand and official seal, certain classes of documents, in order to give them credit and authenticity, to take acknowledgements of deeds and other conveyances, and certify the same, and to perform certain official acts, chiefly in commercial matters, such as the protesting of notes and bills, the noting of foreign drafts, and marine protests in cases of loss or damages. He is one who is authorised by the state to administer oaths, and to attest the authenticity of signatures. In old English law, "Notarius" was meant a scribe or scrivener who made short draughts of writings and other instruments.